Composting materials generally come from agricultural and municipal solid waste. There are many raw materials suitable for composting. The common raw materials used in industrial composting process are cattle dung, horse dung, sheep dung, crop straw and residue, cake, algae and other aquatic plants, medicine residue, coal ash, bark, silt, rice bran and rice husk, wheat bran, peanut husk, charcoal lime, etc.
In order to select suitable composting materials, we should first understand the basic properties of various raw materials, especially some characteristics suitable for industrial and commercial production. For example, whether the source of raw materials is extensive and stable, whether the nutrient indicators of raw materials meet the requirements of fertilizer production, and whether raw materials can be quickly matured.
In the composting process, the main materials should be determined first according to the local resources and the purpose of composting, and then the auxiliary materials should be selected according to the main materials. When the main composting material is high carbon material, the appropriate high nitrogen material should be selected to adjust; when the main composting material is high nitrogen material, the appropriate high carbon material should be selected to adjust.
No matter what kind of raw material, the compost fertilizer making process should adopt the following principles:
1. Wide source of raw materials and stable supply.
2. The moisture content of raw materials should be as low as possible.
3. Suitable nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic nutrients in compost.
4. Compost materials are perishable.
5.The cost of raw materials is low.
